Analyzing the scientific literature via the approaches commonly used for this type of research in different databases by the IRSST Informathèque and the CSST documentation centre identified peer-reviewed journal articles on nanoparticle toxicity. The literature is covered exhaustively up to summer 2007. Among the main databases and search engines consulted, we should mention MedLine, Toxline, PubMed, Inspec, Coppernic, Embase, Ntis, Ei, Compendex, SciSearch, Pascal, Alerts, Teoma and Scirus. To cover the breadth of the nanomaterial spectrum, the following key words were used: nanotechnologie, nanotechnology, nanoparticules, nanoparticles, nanomatériaux, nanomaterials, nanotoxicity, nanotoxicité, fullerènes, fullerenes, nanotubes, quantum dots, points quantiques, nanocristaux, drug.