A common misperception is that in the developing world CAM and TM is used primarily by poorer, uneducated popu- lations, while in industrial countries it is used more by affluent and better-educated segments of the population (Eisenberg and others 1998). In both settings, relatively little evidence supports this view. Many investigators have failed to critically assess the use of CAM and TM by minority and immigrant populations inWestern nations. In Africa, nearly 85 percent of the population uses TM, often as the only way to obtain pri- mary health care, and wealthier people in developing coun- tries often use TM (WHO 2002). Investments in improving the quality and consistency of TM.