The benefits of nonemergency fund operations are the services that come out of the infrastructure they build, not the income generated during construction for carpenters and bricklayers. In evaluating fund projects, the value added as a result of the extra services coming from the project should be considered. This distinction is relevant for projects that upgrade or replace infrastructure, as op- posed to those that build new infrastructure. To assess the value that is added as a result of a project, the service available before the project must be compared with the service available after the project. It is the improvement in the service that emanates from the project.
