Since this book first came out in 1995 to gratifying reviews, the ante has gone up considerably for it and related enterprises. For a start, practically all the material it covers is available on the web; secondly, encyclopaediae of cognitive science (here, CS) are beginning to proliferate. This makes the job of synthesis ever more important. Readers looking for new material would be better rewarded by this book’s companion volume Being Human (nothing to do with the Robin Williams movie!). I have left the text of the 1995 book essentially intact, and updated sections like neuroscience that have at least given the impression of rapid change. Neural.