Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is the branch of fluid dynamics providing a cost-effective means of simulating real flows by the numerical solution of the governing equations. The governing equations for Newtonian fluid dynamics, namely the Navier-Stokes equations, have been known for over 150 years. However, the development of reduced forms of these equations is still an active area of research, in particular, the turbulent closure problem of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. For non-Newtonian fluid dynamics, chemically reacting flows and two phase flows, the theoretical development is at less advanced stage
