The relative biological effectiveness of radiations of different quality is examined in detail in this report. The analyses were performed by Scientific Committee 40 of the NCRP which is charged with the responsibility for analysis and evaluation of radiobiological data relevant to radiation protection recommendations. This report is a follow-on to the previous report of Scientific Committee 40 on its evaluation of the effects of dose rate which was published in 1980 as NCRP Report No. 64 entitled Influence ofDose And Its Distribution In Time On Dose-Response Relationships For Low LET Radiations. Initially, it had been planned that the effects of dose and dose rate and relative biological effectiveness of.