Performance Measurement: Accelerating Improvement is the first in a new series of reports by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), representing the latest phase of the ongoing IOM effort on health care quality. This report introduces a framework and implementation strategy for translating public and professional concerns about performance and accountability into measures of health care quality. In so doing, it builds upon central themes articulated in earlier IOM reports, including To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System and Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. In particular, this report addresses one aspect of an overall strategy for implementing the six aims of.