In the last decade the progress of molecular biology has made a strong influence on the theoretical framework of population genetics and evolution. Introduction of molecular techniques in this area has resulted in many new discoveries. As a result, a new interdisciplinary science, which may be called 'Molecular Population Genetics and Evolution', has emerged. In this book I have attempted to discuss the development and outline of this science. In recent years a large number of papers have been published on this subject. In this book I have not particularly attempted to cover all these papers. Rather, I have tried to find the general principles behind the new observations.
