Following the consensus points described above, we identify the specific benefits and beneficiaries that flow from the typical MA ecosystem services categories. We also identify the spatial data layers needed to map the location of these beneficiaries. In order to enable the ARIES modelling paradigm, all benefits must meet five requirements. Specifically, benefits must be: 1) quantifiable, 2) directly valuable to humans, 3) provided by one clearly identified natural entity or process, 4) used by one clearly identified human consumer, and 5) provided through the transfer of a clearly identified carrier substance that can be material, energetic or informational (