The majority of children with glomerulonephritis (GN) present with proteinuria, hematuria, hypertension, edema, reduced renal function, or the nephrotic syndrome. Post- streptococcal acute GN is familiar to the practicing pedi- atrician. Most affected children have a benign course and can be easily treated by the primary care physician on an ambulatory basis. Obviously, a nephrology consultation should be obtained on patients with oliguria, hyperkalemia, nephrotic syndrome, cardiac overload, and renal insuffi- ciency. Patients with prolonged oligoanuria, a persistently low serum complement for more than 8 weeks, or associated nephrotic syndrome may require a kidney biopsy. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria ≥ 40mg/m2/hr (or 50mg/kg/day), serum albumin .
