Economic demands to intensify the brewing process and increase the fermenter productivity have stimulated interest in high-gravity brewing. However, increasing wort sugar concentration can have a detrimental effect on fermentation performance, adversely affecting yeast physiology and altering the physical and flavor properties of the beer product. Many methods such as: higher pitching rates, higher fermentation temperatures, more efficient aeration than in conventional brewing, and immobilised yeast were used to improve this process
