The perspective of this book is that the steady - state separation model should also be the basis for developing the control confi guration for the column. Yes, a steady - state model! Although the technology to do so is widely available, extending to a dynamic model is not necessary for developing the column control confi guration. The most crucial component of every process control application is developing the piping and instrumentation (P & I) diagram that defi nes the control confi guration for the process and for each unit operation, such as distillation, within that process. If the P & I diagram is correct, the loops can.