In this Volume 2 of the series on the use of physical techniques for the study of art, archaeology, and cultural heritage, we continue our policy of choosing topics from widely different fields of cultural heritage conservation. Also, we have chosen authors both in their early and late careers. In Chapter 1, Dudley Creagh writes on “Synchrotron radiation and its use in art, archaeometry, and cultural heritage studies”. He is Professor and a Director of the Cultural Heritage Research Centre at the University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia