Only peer-reviewed studies published in English in the last decade (1995–2005) were included in this review. The search was limited to the last decade in order to source the most recent, high-quality evidence [27]. This decision was justified on the grounds that systematic reviews evaluating the earlier literature found many of the included studies to be of poor or moderate methodologi- cal quality [13-15] and based on the findings of Moseley et al (2002), it was assumed that the more recent literature was more likely to be of higher methodolgical quality. Types of participants The study populations considered in this review included subjects who were adult females of any age, not pregnant or.