Some commentators have argued that there are ethical issues in favour of cloning, including freedom of science, and research as freedom of expression. These arguments are usually applied to research cloning. Because the groups that have led some campaigns against cloning have often religious ties, some point out that the ethics of society should be secular, not religious. Freedom of science can take various views depending on culture. 52 In September 2004 sixty-six members of the InterAcademy Panel on International Issues (IAP) called on the UN General Assembly to avoid voting a second time on a resolution to ban both therapeutic.