Active sampling for VOCs and aldehydes was conducted on 12 dates between August 8, 2002 and September 25, 2003. For each sampling event, the house was operated for at least 48 h prior to sampling and during sampling at a standardized condition. In this condition, all exterior windows and doors were closed, all interior doors were open, window vents were closed, the HAC fan was operated continuously with the outdoor air intake sealed, and the indoor temperature was maintained by thermostatic control of the heating or air conditioning equipment. Air samples for VOCs and aldehydes were in.