The bones lose calcium and other minerals especially in women after menopause. The trunk becomes shorter as the gel-like cushions or intervertebral disks, between each spine bone (vertebrae) gradually lose fluid and become thinner along with gradual loss of mineral content of vertebrae itself, making each vertebra thinner. As a result, the spinal column becomes curved and compressed (packed together). The foot arches become less pronounced, contributing to a slight loss of height. The arms and legs look longer when compared with the shortened trunk. Bones become more brittle and may break more easily. The joints become stiffer and less.
