Once the law goes into effect, individuals who do not have minimal essential coverage will be required to pay a tax penalty. e penalty will be waived if the cost of coverage exceeds 8 percent of family income, if an individual is uninsured for fewer than three months, if an individual’s income is below the federal tax-filing threshold, or if the individual meets other criteria for exemption described in the ACA. New employerresponsibility provisions will apply to firms with 50 or more full-time equivalent employees. Each of these provisions will have an impact on employer decisions to offer coverage and individuals’ choices in taking up health care coverage. For employers with employees that.