Computer systems today are more powerful and more reliable than in the past; however they are also more difficult to manage. System administration is a complex task, and increasingly it requires that system administration personnel receive specialized training. In addition, the number of trained system administrators has not kept pace with the increased numbers of networked systems. One result of this is that organizations need to take extra steps to ensure that their systems are configured correctly and securely. And, they must do so in a cost-effective manner. This document deals with the subject of.