The efficiency findings are reasonably robust and in line with results from similar assessments of spending efficiency. The rankings of G7 countries do not change very much if overall health spending is used in the efficiency analysis instead of public spending (see Table 4). The findings also do not seem substantially affected by outliers or choice of outcome indicator. 13 Furthermore, the findings of this paper are broadly consistent with findings from other research on the efficiency in education and health, although some results differ due to variations in methodology, choice of measures for spending and outcomes, and the selection of.
