Each performance assessment of competence must be accompanied by an explicit criteria for determining whether or not a given learner has or has not attained the required level of performance to be considered “competent.” These criteria or performance standards are not determined by the performance of other learners (., not graded on a „curve‟) but by the expert judgment of practitioners and educators in the field. Thus, it is desirable that ALL learners will achieve “competence” after training. .