Many societies recognize the reproductive health threats facing young people—especially HIV infection and unwanted pregnancy—and see the schools as an appropriate venue for addressing such threats. They are, however, also concerned with upholding traditions and beliefs, including the expectation that young people abstain from sexual activity until marriage. Thus, traditional and religious leaders—who view themselves as the repository and transmitters of community values and beliefs—are often in the forefront of opposition to sexuality education in the schools. These conservative forces often mobilize parents and some teachers as allies. .
