Millions of adults in the . report that they speak limited English, and English language ability appears linked to multiple dimensions of adult life, such as civic participation and workforce participation and mobility. This report examined: (1) the trends in the need for and enrollment in federally funded adult English language programs; (2) the nature of federal support for adult English language learning, (3) ways in which states and local public providers have supported English language programs for adults; and (4) federal agencies' plans for research to identify effective approaches to.