This study is dedicated to all the children of South Africa and to those organisations that work towards alleviating the plight of children in South Africa and worldwide. On behalf of the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund, I would like to comment on the importance of The National Household HIV Prevalence and Risk Survey of South African Children. The study was commissioned by the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund and the Nelson Mandela Foundation as part of the larger Nelson Mandela/HSRC Study of HIV/AIDS 2002. The aim was to give us, and all other organisations involved with children, a better understanding of.