(Ghon focus) in the lung with spread to the regional lymph node(s). In the majority of cases, the resultant cell-mediated immunity contains the disease process at this stage. Risk of disease progression is increased in the very young ( 3 years old) and in immune compromised children. Progression of disease occurs by 1) extension of the primary focus with or without cavitation; 2) the effects of pathological processes caused by the enlarging lymph nodes or by 3) lymphatic and/ or haematogenous spread. Implementation of the Stop TB Strategy1 (see Table 1), which builds on the DOTS strategy2 developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union),.
