Governments and leading climate scientists agree that to avoid dangerous climate change, the global average temperature increase above pre-industrial levels must stay below A ‘Low-Carbon Economy’ is defined as a world economy operating within these limits. Even to achieve a ‘likely’ probability – that is at least a 66% chance of success2 – of limiting temperature increase to this level requires global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to reduce by 50-70% by 2050 relative to 1990 This requires significant emissions mitigation leading to global annual GHG emissions well below 20 gigatonnes CO2-e by The lower the GHG emissions, the greater the chance of avoiding.
