We show that the Dirichlet to Neumann map for the equation ∇·σ∇u = 0 in a two-dimensional domain uniquely determines the bounded measurable conductivity σ. This gives a positive answer to a question of A. P. Calder´n o from 1980. Earlier the result has been shown only for conductivities that are sufficiently smooth. In higher dimensions the problem remains open. Contents Introduction and outline of the method