In this paper I will show that it is relatively consistent with the usual axioms of mathematics (ZFC) together with a strong form of the axiom of infinity (the existence of a supercompact cardinal) that the class of uncountable linear orders has a five element basis. In fact such a basis follows from the Proper Forcing Axiom, a strong form of the Baire Category Theorem. The elements ∗ are X, ω1 , ω1 , C, C ∗ where X is any suborder of the reals of cardinality ℵ1 and C is any Countryman line. This confirms a longstanding conjecture.
