This problem is evident, for example, in ongoing efforts to replace the functionally obsolete Brent Spence Bridge that connects Cincinnati, Ohio, with Covington, Kentucky, carrying traffic from two large interstate highways across the Ohio River. Despite its critical importance to regional commerce and the economic vitality of both cities, project planners have not been able to find a funding source for the $ billion needed to begin work. 6 Even with combinations of grants, municipal bonds, and private investment, such projects often require an addi- tional source of funding to make it out of the concept stage. Currently this source of funding.
