However, it must be kept in mind that HTAs are only one of several options through which diasporas maintain links with and help their communities of origin. Immigrant entrepreneurs are also ‘social actors’, who participate actively in transnational activities. Several case studies have examined how small and medium entrepreneurs in Africa, Asia and Latin America continuously affiliate with partners or clients in Europe, Saudi Arabia and the United States, creating social networks that benefit migrants, as well as the communities they left behind and the ones they belong to in receiving countries. For example, in the Dominican Republic, there are hundreds of small- to medium- sized transnational enterprises (including small factories, commercial/retail establishments and financial agencies)
