Problems of indoor air quality are recognized as important risk factors for hu- man health in both low- and middle- and high-income countries. Indoor air is also important because people spend a substantial proportion of their time in buildings. In residences, day-care centres, retirement homes and other special environments, indoor air pollution affects population groups that are particu- larly vulnerable owing to their health status or age. The primary aim of these guidelines is to provide a uniform basis for the pro- tection of public health from adverse effects of indoor exposure to air pollution, and to eliminate or reduce to a.