Shortly after the September 11, 2001, attacks, Air Force Chief of Staff General John Jumper asked RAND Project AIR FORCE to conduct a study entitled “Thinking Strategically About Combating Terrorism.” This year-long project was divided into four research tasks, each tackling different but complementary aspects of the counterterrorism problem: • Threat assessment: identifying the character and boundaries of the threat • The international dimension: assessing the impact of coalition and other international actors on . options • Strategy: designing.