Finally, the shape of the spending profile over the pay period, and the motivation behind it, are important subjects for study in their own right. Our results add to the debate on whether the industry in “payday loans” exploits self-control problems, by testing whether households in fact experience a struggle for self-control between Also, government efforts to regulate household spending over the pay period, or encourage sufficient saving for retirement, are typically criticized from the perspective of rational choice (Moffitt, 1989), but such programs may be more easily defended if households have trouble limiting their own spending