Estimation results for CO2 emissions are provided in Table 1. Column I reports results for the basic model, in which total population size is the only demographic aspect looked at. The results are generally in line with expectations. 3 Since all variables are expressed in logarithms, the estimated coefficients can be interpreted as elasticities. Affluence (GDPpc) has the expected positive impact on emissions and its elasticity is just below one. The manufacturing share (MANFsh) is insignificant, but a higher energy intensity (ENERGYint) is associated with higher emissions. The estimated population elasticity, for example, is close to unity. This confirms the results reported by Dietz and Rosa (1997) and York et al
