Water pollution is the contamination of water resources by harmful wastes or toxins. This type of pollution can be dangerous to animals and plant populations in and around lakes, rivers, polluted groundwater areas or oceans, and can pose major problems for humans as well. Although natural phenomena, such as volcanoes and algae blooms, can create drastic changes in water quality, water is typically deemed polluted only when impaired by human contaminants. There are many possible causes of water pollution, but the primary ones are generally lumped into two categories: point source and non-point source pollutants. Point source.