Planning and managing the implementation of policy requires additional skills and experience beyond the subject matter of the policy area concerned (. social inclusion). It requires leadership and management expertise in such things as best practice program and project management methods, resource planning (financial and non-financial) and risk management. Obtaining such skills involves a combination of formal learning, coaching and on the job experience. The APS Policy Implementation Network, agency Centres of Excellence and APS Custodians of Best Practice (. in Benefits Realisation Management) provide contacts who can share their experiences and approaches to developing these skills and.