Monitoring and regular review. Project manage- ment must keep track of how the project is progressing in terms of expenditure, resource use, implementation of activities, delivery of results and the management of risks. This is achieved through ‘monitoring’, which is the systematic and continu- ous collection, analysis and use of management information to support effective decision-making. Monitoring is an internal management responsibil- ity, although it may be complemented by ‘external’ monitoring inputs. These external monitoring inputs can be useful in providing objective verification of results, additional technical advice and a ‘big-picture’ view for senior management. The use of Logframes and implementation plans are highly recommended as practical tools which directly support effective management, monitoring.