At the same time, the effort made by the African continent to improve maternal and child health, including the Maputo Plan of Action, the Campaign for the Accelerated Reduction of Maternal Mortality in Africa (CARMMA), and in addressing the HRH crisis, such as the WHO-AFRO-led HRH Roadmap and the on-going work of the African Platform on HRH, were recognised as central to any further steps towards improvements in maternal and child survival in Africa. The preparations for the Consultation were thus guided by the need to build on existing initiatives and plans in the African Continent,.