This text started out many years ago as a lab-based text, one of the first such published by ISA—titled Basic Electrical Measurements and Calibration—in 1978, nearly 28 years ago. Many things in the electrical/ electronics industry have changed since this first edition was published. In the years following publication, digital instrumentation has become affordable, widespread, and has almost totally displaced analog devices in automation. While analog instruments have not completely disappeared, it is no longer the technology of choice for current automation installations
