Russell L. Parr, CFA, ASA is president of IPRA, Inc. (Intellectual Property Research Associates). He is a consultant, author, publisher, and lecturer focused on the valuation, pricing, and strategic management of intellectual property. For over twenty-five years, he has advised his clients about the value and pricing of patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets. His books are published in Japanese, Korean, Italian, Chinese, and Russian. Mr. Parr’s opinions are used to accomplish licensing transactions, mergers and acquisitions, transfer pricing, infringement damages litigation support, and joint venture equity splits. His clients include multinational corporations, universities, and private inventors