INTRODUCTION Part I discussed the basics of industrial servo drives from a hardware point of view. Physical parameters and practical applications were discussed. Part II repeats some of the things in Part I but from a mathematical point of view. The advanced application of industrial servo drives requires the use of differential equations to describe mechanical, electrical, and fluid systems. As applied to servo drives there are numerous academic techniques to analyze these systems (., root locus, Nyquist diagrams, etc.). In working with industrial machinery we live in a sinusoidal world with such things as structural machine resonances. Thus frequency analysis.