Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights states: 'No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment' and is one of its most important provisions. This is borne out by the fact that-along with Articles 2, 4(1) and 4(7)-it is a rule from which no derogation is allowed, not even in times of war or other public emergencies threatening the existence of a Contracting State (see Article 15(2)). By the same token, it is also one of the most difficult norms of the Convention to.