The acts of lawlessness committed on September 11, 2001 were swiftly followed by a ‘war on terror’. This book sets out the essential features of the international legal framework against which the 9/11 attacks and the lawfulness of measures taken in response thereto fall to be assessed. It addresses, in an accessible manner, the relevant law in relation to: ‘terrorism’, questions as to ‘responsibility’ for it, the criminal law frame- work, lawfulconstraints on the use of force, the humanitarian law that governs in armed conflict, and international human rights law. It indicates the existence of a legal framework capable of addressing events such as 9/11 and governing responses thereto