There is also diversity with regard to final beneficiaries: many providers target people excluded from mainstream financial services (47% of respondents of the latest EMN survey) and women (44%); moreover, ethnic minorities and/or immigrants (41%), young (29%) and disabled people (21%) are amongst the top ranks (see Jayo et al, 2010). Priority outreach to these specific target groups show the high social focus of microfinance in Europe. The causes and consequences of financial exclusion can also contribute to social exclusion: Those unable to access finance for enterprise creation/development, have greater difficulty in integrating into the financial system; this.
