The universal UDF SAS_JOB represents a complex multi-step process that calls into all the SAS In-Database subsystems that can reside in the DBMS: formats (TKFORMAT subsystem), data transformation and model scoring (TKFUNCTIONS and TSPL subsystems), and analytics (TKSCIENCE subsystem). Both SAS clients and DBMS clients can use the integrated SAS servers. A SAS client communicates directly with the SAS servers deployed on the DBMS head node. The SAS client can execute SAS jobs inside the DBMS by sending commands to the SAS servers that are running on the DBMS head nodes. When these SAS jobs reference SAS formats,.