Poneratoxin is a small neuropeptide found in the venom of the antParaponera clavata. It is stored in the venom reservoir as an inactive 25-residue peptide. Here we des-cribe both chemically synthesized poneratoxin and pon-eratoxin obtained by expression in insect cells. When expressed in insect cells, poneratoxin was observed attached to cell membranes. Both synthetic and recom-binant ponerotoxins were soluble below pH . The structure of synthetic poneratoxin was characterized by circular dichroism and solved by nuclear magnetic reso-nance. .
