Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are the most common hereditary cardiac conditions. Both are frequent causes of sudden death and are often associated with an adverse disease actinis one of the disease genes where different mis-sense mutations have been found to cause either HCM or DCM. We have tested the hypothesis that the protein-folding pathway plays a role in dis-ease development for two actin variants associated with DCM and six asso-ciated with HCM