PREOCCUPATION with the problems of communication across language barriers has resulted in our time in the perfection, progressive application, or investigation of three new techniques. They are (1) simultaneous translation, as practiced in the United Nations General Assembly, and more and more extensively also in the most varied international congresses of scientists and other groups of specialized endeavor, (2) Interlingua, as utilized currently (especially for medical summaries) in increasing numbers of scientific periodicals and printed programs of international congresses, and (3) mechanical translation by electronic computers, as envisaged especially by scholars at Georgetown University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the.