• Repetition of information is a condition in a relational database where the values of one attribute are determined by the values of another attribute in the same relation, and both values are repeated throughout the relation. This is a bad relational database design because it increases the storage re- quired for the relation and it makes updating the relation more difficult. • Inability to represent information is a condition where a relationship exists among only a proper subset of the attributes in a relation. This is bad re- lational database design because all the unrelated attributes must be filled with null values otherwise a tuple without the.
