Before using the “EDORA cube” to provide a framework for a “broad-brush” review of socio- economic performance across “non-urban” Europe (section 3) it will be helpful to provide a simple statistical assessment of the “independence” of the D-P and Structural types. The distinctiveness of the types may be assessed in a variety of different ways. For example the statistical differences between the types of each typology may be tested on the basis of the indicators used in the classification. Alternatively (since this would involve a degree of circularity of reasoning) it is perhaps more valid to examine the statistical significance of.